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Chronic Kidney Disease

Chronic Kidney Disease

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive condition where the kidneys gradually lose their ability to function effectively over time. The kidneys play a vital role in filtering waste products and excess fluids from the blood, regulating blood pressure, and maintaining the balance of electrolytes in the body.

Causes and Risk Factors: CKD can develop due to various underlying health conditions or factors that impair kidney function:

  • Diabetes: Uncontrolled diabetes is a leading cause of CKD.
  • High Blood Pressure: Hypertension can damage the blood vessels in the kidneys over time.
  • Glomerulonephritis: Inflammation of the kidney’s filtering units (glomeruli) can lead to CKD.
  • Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD): Inherited disorder causing cysts to form in the kidneys.
  • Autoimmune Diseases: Conditions like lupus can affect kidney function.
  • Obesity: Being overweight or obese increases the risk of developing CKD.
  • Smoking: Tobacco use can damage blood vessels and contribute to kidney damage.

Symptoms of CKD: In the early stages, CKD may not cause noticeable symptoms. As kidney function declines, symptoms may include:

  • Fatigue and Weakness: Due to anemia and buildup of waste products.
  • Swelling: Particularly in the legs, ankles, or around the eyes.
  • Changes in Urination: Decreased urine output or foamy urine.
  • Difficulty Concentrating: Cognitive changes due to waste buildup.
  • Loss of Appetite: Nausea and vomiting may occur.